Basic Biomechanical Concepts
Velocity- Rate of change in distance over time. Velocity can be negative
Acceleration- Rate of change of velocity over time. Acceleration can be negative, such as driving in reverse.
Inertia- resitance of an object to changes in its state of motion. For example, something stationary will resist movement, and something traveling linear will resist lateral or reverse movements. Mass has a direct effect on inertia. 350# is harder to move than 50#.
Force- This one is tricky. The equation (for gym use only?) is: F=M(a+g).
F=Force
M= Mass of Dumbbell or Barbell
A= Acceleration
G= acceleration from gravity (9.81 m/s/s)
Momentum- “Quantity of motion an object has”
Velocity x mass
Work- force applied x distance
Lever Systems
Humans are predominantly at a mechanical disadvantage. We can generate lots of force with little movement.
Mechanical Neutral is when the effort arm and the resistance arm are identical in length and force.
Mechanical Advantage is where the effort over the resistance is over the coefficient of 1. An example is opening a paint can with a screw driver. Lots of force produced, but huge Range of Motion.
Mechanical Disadvantage is less range of motion to start an object, but less force.
First Class Lever has the fulcrum in the middle of the force arm and the resistance arm.
Second Class Lever has Fulcrum, then resistance, then force. An example is a heel raise. The Resistance is the body weight and the effort is the plantar flexors of foot. The fulcrum are the joints of the foot.
Third Class Levers are the most common in the body. One benefit to this is that there is a large effort force to gain speed and Range of movement in the body. Here, the fulcrum is still first, but then you have the force arm followed by the resistance!
Remember, they are just some basic notes.
I did not workout today. I took my sister to Citysport, went to go study with her, drove home, studied and now I am here, passing out as I type lol.
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